Key parameters and significance of 3G base station transmitter test and analysis

In today’s rapidly evolving third-generation (3G) wireless communication systems, achieving higher data transmission rates requires the use of highly complex modulation techniques, which presents new challenges for engineers. This article aims to introduce 3G base stations to Chinese test and measurement professionals, focusing on key transmitter parameters that need to be tested and their importance in ensuring system performance. Compared to second-generation networks, 3G technology significantly enhances system performance and service quality. To support higher transmission speeds, 3G employs a sophisticated modulation scheme. As 3G base station systems continue to develop, the stable operation of the WCDMA radio and code domain becomes increasingly critical. Maintenance and testing of UMTS base stations now require measurements across multiple domains—frequency, time, amplitude, and modulation—along with azimuth performance evaluation. These evolving requirements pose new challenges for engineers in the field. The characterization of a WCDMA UMTS Node B transmitter involves two main aspects: RF spectrum description and code domain demodulation. With the right tools, such as a handheld spectrum analyzer with demodulation capabilities, these tests can be efficiently performed. For example, Anritsu's MT8220A is a portable WCDMA transmitter tester that combines traditional signal-based spectrum analysis with advanced modulation domain analysis. It supports key measurements like carrier frequency, frequency error, occupied bandwidth, channel power, peak-to-average ratio, noise level, and adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR). Additionally, it provides essential modulation domain metrics such as spurious characteristics, vector error magnitude (EVM), carrier feedthrough, and various control channel measurements. Figure 1: Code domain demodulation measurements. Code domain demodulation measurement involves analyzing the spread spectrum signals used in WCDMA systems. By leveraging advanced semiconductor technology, Anritsu has developed compact RF/microwave devices that deliver high-performance results in a lightweight package. The MT8220A, based on a 7.1GHz spectrum analyzer platform, offers powerful WCDMA demodulation capabilities, enabling real-time measurements anywhere. Its low average noise floor of -153dBm sets a new benchmark for handheld instruments, while also improving spectral emission mask and ACLR performance. UMTS WCDMA Transmitter Test The MT8220A is optimized for WCDMA base station RF measurements. It supports a wide range of RF parameters including carrier frequency, frequency error, occupied bandwidth, channel power, peak-to-average ratio, noise level, and ACLR. These measurements are crucial for ensuring signal integrity and network efficiency. ACLR Measurements: ACLR is typically influenced by nonlinearities in the power amplifier. Excessive ACLR can lead to interference, reducing system capacity and causing issues like the near-far effect. The MT8220A includes an integrated ACLR measurement mode that ensures accurate readings at 5MHz and 10MHz from the carrier, using built-in filters to meet strict bandwidth requirements. Signal Spurious Measurement: The MT8220A features a dedicated spurious test mode with a built-in 3GPP spurious template. As the signal changes, the template automatically checks whether the spurious level is within acceptable limits, providing clear PASS/FAIL indicators for quick decision-making. Code Domain Demodulation Measurement: This test mode allows for detailed analysis of WCDMA signal quality, supporting measurements of P-CCPCH, S-CCPCH, P-SCH, S-SCH, PICH, CPICH, and absolute power levels. The MT8220A displays three modes: code domain power, code spectrum, and modulation list. These visualizations help engineers assess signal strength and optimize network performance. Figure 2: Display of the modulation project list. Code Spectrum Test: This feature visualizes code domain power using a color scale, showing variations over time. It helps identify differences in data rates and service requirements across base stations. By analyzing the code spectrum, engineers can gain insights into traffic and signaling channels, making it easier to monitor load and call patterns effectively.

Countdown Timer Socket

FUNCTION DESCRIPTION

Countdown socket has an AC outlet, the maximum can output 230 V16A of power, there are two control modes, that is, countdown off and countdown on. It is convenient to control the equipment which needs to switch off or turn on AC. improve the safety of the use of some equipment and save more energy.


SET TIMER

1,Countdown plug in the socket, all indicator lights red flash three times, at this time the socket has no output, for the normal state, into the countdown state. Click the button, the first red light up, the socket output after an hour off, and then short press the button can set the socket timing of 2 H.4H.6H.8H.10H.OFF.

2,Long press button 3s, all indicator lights green flash three times, at this time the socket has output, for the regular open state, into the countdown on state. Click on the button, the first green light on, the socket is closed an hour later, and then press the button to set the socket countdown 2 H.4H.6H.8H.10H.OFF.

3,Press button 3 longer S, all indicator lights red light flash 3 times again into countdown mode.

4,Select the required countdown time mode, the corresponding mode countdown lights up, start countdown until the end of the countdown time. The outlet that controls the output will start or stop the output.

5,After the countdown starts, the time indicator will change automatically from high to low until the countdown is over.

NOTE:

1,Check that the power connection is good.

2,Use only indoors and in dry places.

3,This product does not convert AC voltage.

4,Maximum load not exceeding 16A 3680W.

5,Grounding is required for safety.

6,Any questions, please contact the electrician.

Countdown Timer Socket Switch, Countdown Timer Plug,Countdown Timer Plug Socket, Energy Saving Countdown Timer Switch Socket, Countdown Timer Switch

NINGBO COWELL ELECTRONICS & TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD , https://www.cowellsockets.com