Single chip microcomputer STM32L151CCU6

Probe current voltage pin 420*4450 head diameter 5.0, over current and voltage pin

SMD aluminum electrolytic capacitor

Mobile phone crystal 3.2*2.5mm 3225 26M (26.000MHZ) 7.5PF 10PPM 20PPM 30PPM

MOS power IC full range

Synchronous motors are a type of AC motor where the rotor rotates at the same speed as the rotating magnetic field produced by the stator windings. This synchronization gives them their name. Due to this characteristic, the current in a synchronous motor leads the voltage, making it act like a capacitive load. Because of this, they are often used in power systems to improve the overall power factor.

There are two main types of synchronous motors based on their rotor design:

1. The first type uses a DC-excited rotor. The rotor is designed with pole cores that have field coils connected in series. These coils alternate in polarity and are connected to slip rings on the shaft. A small DC generator or battery supplies the excitation current. Most of these motors use a built-in DC generator that runs on the motor’s shaft to provide the necessary excitation. To help with starting, a squirrel-cage winding is also installed on the rotor, similar to an induction motor. When the stator is powered, the rotating magnetic field induces current in the squirrel cage, causing the motor to start. As the motor speeds up, the DC excitation creates a magnetic field on the rotor, which then aligns with the stator's field, allowing the motor to run in sync.

2. The second type is a non-excited rotor motor, commonly used in single-phase or multi-phase applications. This motor has a squirrel-cage rotor and a stator similar to a split-phase or multi-phase motor. The rotor surface is flat and made from magnetized steel, which retains its magnetism. The squirrel-cage winding provides initial torque for starting. Once the motor reaches a certain speed, the rotor poles become synchronized with the stator's frequency. The stator induces the polarity of the rotor poles, matching the number of poles on the stator. At this point, the squirrel-cage winding no longer plays a role, and the rotor continues to rotate in sync with the stator’s magnetic field.